Unit Objectives for Chemistry

Unit IV. Chemical Bonding

      Chapters 6 & 15. Ionic Bonding

1.      Describe atoms and ions in terms of valence electrons by constructing correct orbital diagrams

2.      Construct electron dot structures for various elements

3.      Define ions in terms of the Octet Rule and Stable Ion Configurations

4.      Describe ions in terms of Oxidation numbers

5.      Define compounds in terms of the Law of Definite Proportions

a.       Calculate percent mass of specific elements in their relative compounds

6.      Differentiate between molecular formula, empirical formula and formula unit

7.      Identify Percent Composition of certain ionic compounds

8.      Properly write and name ionic compounds

9.      Define specific characteristics of ionic compounds

a.       Differentiate between types of crystalline solids: ionic, molecular, and metallic

10.  Define metallic bond and describe structures of metals

a.       Differentiate between Hexagonal Close-Packed, Face Centered Close-Packed, Body Centered Cubic, and Simple Cubic array

11.  Identify the types of alloys

12.  Describe the structures of Ionic Crystals

a.       Describe the position of cations as relative to anionic created ìholesî

b.      Identify the different crystalline systems that occur in nature

Chapter 6 & 16. Covalent Bonding

1.      Define covalent bonds in terms of shared electrons and electronegativities

a.       Draw Lewis structures for covalent bonds

b.      Calculate formal charge for covalent bonds (see notes)

2.      Draw structural formulas for simple covalent compounds

a.   Write and name common molecular compounds

3.      Differentiate between single, double & triple covalent bonds in terms of pairs of shared electrons

a.       Identify and construct structural formula for the diatomic molecules

4.      Define coordinate covalent bonds in terms of additional shared electrons

a.   Construct structural formulas of polyatomic ions

5.      Identify a resonance structure as a function of bond arrangement and bond length

6.      Correlate oxidation numbers to ionic and covalent compounds

7.      Describe exceptions of the octet rule in covalent molecules

a.       Differentiate between paramagnetism and diamagnetism

b.      Identify octet expansion covalent molecules

8.      Predict molecular shapes by utilizing the VSEPR theory.

a.       Describe the aspects of bond distances and bonds angles in molecules

b.      Employ the rules for predicting structures and draw molecular structures

9.      Define polar bonds in terms of electronegativity differences

a.       Differentiate between non-polar and polar covalent bonds

b.      Describe dipole moments of molecules

10.  Identify bond dissociation energies of molecular compounds

11. Describe properties of molecular substances relative to properties of ionic compounds